HOMS COMPONENT

SNOW SURVEYING PROCEDURES

1.  Purpose and objectives

     Snow surveys at designated sites are made at regular intervals during the winter months to determine the depth and water equivalent (and therefore density) of the snowpack.

2.  Description

     Snow survey data are of value in estimating the spring runoff potential, agricultural productivity and fertilizer requirements, water fowl populations, snow loads, wildlife survival, etc. The site selected 
must be representative of the surrounding area, accessible and in an area where a permanent continuous record can be obtained. A snow survey course consists of a number of sampling points (usually 5 or 10) and samples are taken at regular intervals using standard snow sampling equipment. The snow course is marked, numbered and then mapped.

3.  Input

     Actual snow cover.

4.  Output

     Average depth, density and water equivalent of snowpack as determined from snow surveys.

5.  Operational requirements and restrictions

     Snow surveys are done on a regular basis (weekly, semi-monthly or monthly) at each snow course as long as there is more than 5 cm of snow on the ground.

6.  Form of presentation

     Manual of Standards on Snow Surveying Procedures (paper copy).

7.  Operational experience

     Snow surveys are carried out in most countries where snow is of hydrological significance. They have been operated in various regions of Canada from as early as 1935.

8. Originator and technical support

     Hydrometeorology Division
     Atmospheric Environment Service
     Environment Canada

9.  Availability

     From the HOMS National Reference Centre for Canada.

10.  Conditions on use

     None.

Last updated: 14 DEC 99)
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